When a change in mental status is detected, which option best reflects appropriate action?

• A. Repeat the assessment only if symptoms worsen.
• B. Notify the clinician and document the change without reassessment.
• C. Reassess with appropriate tools, review medications, assess for delirium, notify clinician, and document.
• D. Ignore minor changes and continue current plan.

Answer: (C)

A change in mental status calls for a prompt, structured re-evaluation and coordinated communication. Reassessing with appropriate tools provides a standardized picture of cognition and attention, helping to identify delirium, distinguish it from baseline dementia, and detect fluctuations that require urgent attention. While reassessing, review all medications for agents that can affect mental status—such as sedatives, anticholinergics, and opioids—and look for reversible factors like infection, dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, or metabolic disturbances. Specifically assess for delirium features—acute onset, fluctuations, inattention, and altered consciousness—and compare with the person’s baseline. After gathering this information, notify the clinician to guide next steps and document all findings, actions, and plans. This comprehensive, proactive approach protects patient safety and supports effective care management.