Which PPE is required when caring for a patient on airborne precautions?

• A. N95 respirator
• B. Surgical mask
• C. Gloves
• D. Gown

Answer: (A)

Airborne precautions focus on preventing inhalation of tiny infectious particles that can linger in the air. The most protective option is an N95 respirator, which filters at least 95% of airborne particles when it’s properly fitted and seal-checked each time it’s worn. A surgical mask protects mainly against larger droplets and does not provide adequate filtration for aerosols, so it’s not sufficient for airborne pathogens. Gloves and gown protect skin and clothing from contact with infectious materials but do not prevent inhalation, so they don’t replace the respirator in this setting. If possible, use eye protection as well and place the patient in an appropriate isolation environment to reduce airborne spread.